Horumarinta Gaadiidka Biyaha ee Konteenarada Gudaha ee Shiinaha
Marxaladda Hore ee Gaadiidka Konteenarada Gudaha
Gaadiidka biyaha ee gudaha Shiinaha ee konteenarada lagu shubo ayaa bilaabmay goor hore. Sannadihii 1950-meeyadii, konteenarada alwaaxa ah ayaa horey loogu isticmaali jiray dhaqdhaqaaqa xamuulka ee u dhexeeya Dekedda Shanghai iyo Dekedda Dalian.
Sannadihii 1970-meeyadii, weelasha birta ah - oo asal ahaan ahaa 5-tan iyo 10-tan - ayaa lagu soo kordhiyay nidaamka tareenka waxaana si tartiib tartiib ah loogu kordhiyay gaadiidka badda.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababo la xiriira dhowr arrimood oo xaddidan sida:
• Kharashyada hawlgalka oo sarreeya
• Wax soo saar aan horumarsanayn
• Awoodda suuqa oo xaddidan
• Baahida gudaha oo aan ku filnayn
Kor u kaca Gaadiidka Konteenarada Gudaha ee Caadiga ah
Dib-u-habaynta iyo furfurnaanta joogtada ah ee Shiinaha, oo ay weheliso dib-u-habaynta nidaamyada dhaqaalaha, ayaa si weyn u dardargelisay kobaca ganacsiga soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta qaranka.
Gaadiidka konteenarrada ayaa bilaabay inuu kobco, gaar ahaan gobollada xeebaha, halkaas oo baahida kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha iyo saadka si weyn loo horumariyay.
Ballaarinta adeegyada konteenarrada ganacsiga shisheeye waxay abuurtay xaalado wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay kobaca suuqa gaadiidka konteenarrada gudaha, iyadoo la bixinayo:
• Khibrad hawlgal oo qiimo leh
• Shabakado saadka oo ballaaran
• Madal macluumaad oo adag
Taariikh muhiim ah ayaa dhacday Diseembar 16, 1996, markii markabkii ugu horreeyay ee Shiinaha ee loo qorsheeyay inuu qaado konteenarrada gudaha, oo lagu magacaabo "Fengshun", uu ka baxay Dekadda Xiamen isagoo sita konteenarrada guud ee caalamiga ah. Dhacdadani waxay calaamad u ahayd bilowgii rasmiga ahaa ee gaadiidka konteenarrada gudaha ee caadiga ah ee dekedaha Shiinaha.
Astaamaha gaadiidka weelasha badda ee ganacsiga gudaha waxaa ka mid ah:
01. Waxtar sare
Gaadiidka konteenarrada ku jira wuxuu u oggolaanayaa badeecadaha in si dhakhso ah loo raro oo loo dejiyo, wuxuuna yareeyaa tirada gaadiidka iyo maaraynta, wuxuuna hagaajiyaa hufnaanta guud ee gaadiidka. Isla mar ahaantaana, cabbirka konteenarada ee la cayimay wuxuu u oggolaanayaa maraakiibta iyo xarumaha dekedda inay si fiican isu waafajiyaan, taasoo sii wanaajinaysa hufnaanta gaadiidka.
02. Dhaqaale ahaan
Gaadiidka konteenarrada ee badda ayaa badanaa ka dhaqaale badan gaadiidka dhulka. Gaar ahaan alaabada badan iyo gaadiidka masaafada dheer, gaadiidka konteenarrada badda ayaa si weyn u yareyn kara kharashka gaadiidka.
03. Badbaadada
Weelku wuxuu leeyahay qaab-dhismeed xooggan iyo waxqabad shaabadaysan, kaas oo si wax ku ool ah uga ilaalin kara alaabta waxyeelada deegaanka dibadda. Isla mar ahaantaana, tallaabooyinka badbaadada inta lagu jiro gaadiidka badda ayaa sidoo kale hubinaya gaadiid ammaan ah oo alaab ah.
04. Dabacsanaan
Gaadiidka konteenarrada ku shaqeeya wuxuu sahlayaa in badeecadaha laga wareejiyo deked ilaa deked kale, taasoo la xaqiijinayo isku xirka aan kala go 'lahayn ee gaadiidka badan. Dabacsanaantani waxay u suurtagelinaysaa gaadiidka konteenarrada badda ee gudaha inay la qabsadaan baahiyaha kala duwan ee saadka.
05. Ilaalinta deegaanka
Marka la barbardhigo gaadiidka waddooyinka, gaadiidka weelasha badda wuxuu leeyahay qiiqa kaarboon oo hooseeya, kaas oo gacan ka geysta yareynta wasakhowga deegaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, gaadiidka weelasha ku jira ayaa sidoo kale yareeya soo saarista qashinka baakadaha, kaas oo ku habboon ilaalinta deegaanka.
| Waddooyinka Koonfurta Shiinaha | Dekedaha Loo Socdo | Waqtiga Gaadiidka |
| Shanghai - Guangzhou | Guangzhou (oo loo sii marayo Nansha Wajiga IV, Shekou, Zhongshan, Xiaolan, Zhuhai International Terminal, Xinhui, Shunde, Nan’an, Heshan, Huadu, Longgui, Sanjiao, Zhaoqing, Xinhui, Fanyu, Gongyi, Yueping) | 3 maalmood |
| Shanghai - Dongguan Intl. | Dongguan (iyada oo loo sii marayo Haikou, Jiangmen, Yangjiang, Leliu, Tongde, Zhongshan, Xiaolan, Zhuhai Terminal, Xinhui, Shunde, Nan’an, Heshan, Huadu, Longgui, Sanjiao, Zhaoqing, Xinhui, Gongyi, Yueping) | 3 maalmood |
| Shanghai - Xiamen | Xiamen (oo loo sii marayo Quanzhou, Fuqing, Fuzhou, Chaozhou, Shantou, Xuwen, Yangpu, Zhanjiang, Beihai, Fangcheng, Tieshan, Jieyang) | 3 maalmood |
| Taicang - Jieyang | Jieyang | 5 maalmood |
| Taicang - Zhanjiang | Zhanjiang | 5 maalmood |
| Taicang - Haikou | Haikou | 7 maalmood |
| Wadooyinka Waqooyiga Shiinaha | Dekedaha Loo Socdo | Waqtiga Gaadiidka |
| Shanghai/Taicang - Yingkou | Yingkou | 2.5 maalmood |
| Shanghai - Jingtang | Jingtang (iyada oo loo sii marayo Tianjin) | 2.5 maalmood |
| Shanghai Luojing - Tianjin | Tianjin (iyada oo loo marayo Terminalka Caalamiga ah ee Baasifigga) | 2.5 maalmood |
| Shanghai - Dalian | Dalian | 2.5 maalmood |
| Shanghai - Qingdao | Qingdao (iyada oo loo sii marayo Rizhao, oo ku xidha Yantai, Dalian, Weifang, Weihai, iyo Weifang) | 2.5 maalmood |
| Waddooyinka Webiga Yangtze | Dekedaha Loo Socdo | Waqtiga Gaadiidka |
| Taicang - Wuhan | Wuhan | 7-8 maalmood |
| Taicang - Chongqing | Chongqing (loo sii marayo Jiujiang, Yichang, Luzhou, Chongqing, Yibin) | 20 maalmood |
Shabakadda maraakiibta konteenarrada ee gudaha ee hadda jirta waxay gaartay heer buuxa oo ku baahsan xeebaha Shiinaha iyo dooxooyinka waaweyn ee webiyada. Dhammaan waddooyinka la aasaasay waxay ku shaqeeyaan adeegyo degen oo jadwalaysan. Shirkadaha maraakiibta gudaha ee muhiimka ah ee ku hawlan gaadiidka konteenarrada xeebaha iyo webiyada waxaa ka mid ah: Zhonggu Shipping, COSCO, Sinfeng Shipping, iyo Antong Holdings.
Dekadda Taicang waxay billowday adeegyo rarida tooska ah oo loo diro terminaalka Fuyang, Fengyang, Huaibin, Jiujiang, iyo Nanchang, iyadoo sidoo kale kordhinaysa inta jeer ee waddooyinka qiimaha leh ee loo maro Suqian. Horumarradani waxay xoojinayaan isku xirka dhulalka muhiimka ah ee xamuulka qaada ee gobollada Anhui, Henan, iyo Jiangxi. Horumar la taaban karo ayaa laga sameeyay ballaarinta joogitaanka suuqa ee qaybta dhexe ee Wabiga Yangtze.
Noocyada Konteenarrada Caadiga ah ee Maraakiibta Konteenarrada Gudaha lagu shubo
Qeexitaannada Konteenarka:
• 20GP (Qayb Guud oo ah weel 20-cagood ah)
• Cabbirka Gudaha: 5.95 × 2.34 × 2.38 m
• Miisaanka Guud ee Ugu Badan: 27 tan
• Mugga la isticmaali karo: 24–26 CBM
• Naaneys: "Qalabka Yar"
• 40GP (Ujeeddo Guud oo ah weel 40-foot ah)
• Cabbirka Gudaha: 11.95 × 2.34 × 2.38 m
• Miisaanka Guud ee Ugu Badan: 26 tan
• Mugga la isticmaali karo: qiyaastii 54 CBM
• Naaneys: "Qalabka Caadiga ah"
• 40HQ (Konteenar 40-foot ah oo Cube Sare ah)
• Cabbirka Gudaha: 11.95 × 2.34 × 2.68 m
• Miisaanka Guud ee Ugu Badan: 26 tan
• Mugga la isticmaali karo: qiyaastii 68 CBM
• Naaneys: "Qalabka Weelka Kubbada Sare"
Talooyinka Codsiga:
• 20GP wuxuu ku habboon yahay xamuulka culus sida taayirrada, alwaaxda, balaastigga, iyo kiimikooyinka durbaanka lagu shubo.
• 40GP / 40HQ waxay ku habboon yihiin xamuulka fudud ama culus, ama alaabada leh shuruudo cabbir gaar ah, sida fiilooyinka macmalka ah, agabka baakadaha, alaabta guriga, ama qaybaha mishiinada.
Hagaajinta Saadka: Laga bilaabo Shanghai ilaa Guangdong
Macaamiisheennu waxay markii hore isticmaali jireen gaadiidka waddooyinka si ay alaab uga soo qaadaan Shanghai una geeyaan Guangdong. Gaari kasta oo 13 mitir ah wuxuu siday 33 tan oo xamuul ah oo qiimihiisu yahay RMB 9,000 safarkiiba, iyadoo waqtiga safarka uu yahay 2 maalmood.
Ka dib markii loo wareejiyay xalka gaadiidka badda ee la hagaajiyay, xamuulka hadda waxaa lagu raray iyadoo la isticmaalayo konteenaro 40HQ ah, mid walbana wuxuu qaadaa 26 tan. Qiimaha saadka cusub waa RMB 5,800 halkii konteenar, waqtiga safarkuna waa 6 maalmood.
Marka laga eego dhinaca kharashka, gaadiidka badda ayaa si weyn u yareeya kharashaadka saadka - laga bilaabo RMB 272 halkii tan ilaa RMB 223 halkii tan - taasoo keentay in la keydiyo ku dhawaad RMB 49 halkii tan.
Marka la eego waqtiga, gaadiidka badda wuxuu qaataa 4 maalmood ka dheer gaadiidka waddooyinka. Tani waxay u baahan tahay macmiilku inuu sameeyo hagaajin u dhiganta qorsheynta kaydka iyo jadwalka wax soo saarka si looga fogaado wax kasta oo carqaladeeya hawlaha.
Gunaanad:
Haddii macmiilku uusan u baahnayn gaarsiin degdeg ah oo uu qorsheyn karo wax soo saarka iyo kaydka kahor, qaabka gaadiidka badda wuxuu soo bandhigayaa xal saadka oo kharash-ool ah, deggan, iyo deegaan u fiican.